Earthquakes are natural phenomena that can have a major impact on the environment and human life. Every year, thousands of earthquakes occur around the world, causing significant damage and affecting millions of lives. Understanding the environmental and humanitarian impacts of earthquakes is essential in disaster mitigation and management efforts. The environmental impacts of earthquakes include changes in geological conditions, ecosystems and soil quality. First, vibrations and fractures produced by earthquakes can change the topography of the land. Landslides occur frequently, especially in mountainous areas, which can result in the destruction of natural habitats and threaten local species. Second, earthquakes can trigger tsunamis, which have a bigger impact by destroying coastal ecosystems such as coral reefs and mangrove forests. This not only destroys habitats, but also disrupts the lives of communities that depend on these resources. From a humanitarian perspective, earthquakes often cause humanitarian crises. People living in earthquake-prone areas, such as Indonesia and Japan, are at risk of losing their homes, social networks and sources of livelihood. As a result, thousands of people have been pushed into an emergency situation, resulting in an increased need for clothing, food and health services. Vanishing infrastructure, such as roads and bridges, exacerbates these conditions, hampering the delivery of aid. the need for emergency help also increases after the earthquake. Rescue teams are usually deployed to search for victims and distribute aid. This shows the importance of preparedness and adequate disaster response capabilities in society. Communities should be trained in emergency evacuation and have contingency plans to reduce the impact of accidents. Earthquakes also have implications for the mental health of individuals. Fear, loss, and emotional trauma can continue for years after a disaster. Recovery and psychosocial programs are needed to help individuals respond to the trauma produced by the disaster. As recovery progresses, attention must be paid to sustainable rebuilding so that communities not only recover, but are also more resilient to future disasters. At the global level, mitigating the impact of earthquakes requires international coordination. Sharing technology and knowledge about geological activity and predictions can help earthquake-prone countries prepare. Developing earthquake-resistant building structures and intelligent spatial planning is a necessity in earthquake-prone areas to reduce the risk of damage and loss of life. Earthquakes provide valuable lessons regarding human interaction with the environment. Ecosystem sustainability must be considered in regional development planning. Therefore, further research and environmental conservation efforts are essential to protect society and reduce the impact of future disasters.