Pragmatic is a word that describes someone who is practical in their approach to things. Those who are pragmatic take into account the fact that actions have consequences and will choose to act accordingly. They will not waste time or energy on theories that have no bearing in real life, instead focusing on what will work to get the results they want.
A pragmatist is an expert in the use of language and how context influences linguistic interpretation. This is the opposite of semantics, syntax, and semiotics which are concerned with the rules that determine the literal linguistic meaning of expressions. The field of pragmatism is more broad than these fields and covers many different aspects of linguistics such as speech act theory, and the theory of conversational implicature.
The term pragmatism was first used in 1870 to describe Peirce’s view of truth, but it was later expanded by James and others into a comprehensive philosophy. It was in this form that it achieved widespread acceptance. James’s view of truth as a process that involves inquiry rather than as an absolute or objective thing was particularly influential.
In modern times pragmatism has found an audience outside of the academic world with liberatory philosophical projects in such areas as feminism (Seigfried 1996), ecology (Alexander 2003), Native American philosophy, and Latin American philosophy. Some analytic philosophers such as Quine (see Two Dogmas of Empiricism) have expressed qualified enthusiasm for parts of the pragmatist legacy, and a few, such as Richard Rorty (1922-1996), have given it a central role in their work.
Philosophers who are pragmatic tend to favor a utilitarian view of ethics, one that emphasizes the best way to achieve a desired result without taking into consideration the harm that might be done in the process. They will weigh the pros and cons of a decision and come up with an action plan that will most likely lead to success. They do not see themselves as morally superior or superior to those who take a different view, but they are willing to work with all people to achieve the best possible outcome.
Pragmatic thinking is also evident in many business practices. For example, a person who is pragmatic will decide which type of computer to buy based on the needs of his or her company, not what the latest model might have to offer. He or she will also be aware of the potential costs associated with any upgrade, and if the benefits outweigh the costs, will make the purchase. It is this sort of practical thinking that makes the pragmatic person a desirable employee or coworker. It is the sort of thinking that allows businesses to operate effectively and efficiently in a competitive environment. It is the sort of thinking that helps make the world a better place. As such, pragmatism is a valuable philosophy for everyone to consider. It provides a road map for navigating the pitfalls of business and the complex social world around us.